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Turku, Provincial Archives of Turku, Turku Archdiocese Cathedral Chapter, Gummerus-collection, I:5. Antiphonarium Laurentius Jacobi

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Antiphonarium

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Finnish Literature Society (SKS)
Codices Fennici

Aikamääre

1475-1524
Saec. XV 4/4 - XVI 1/4 (1480s?)

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Turku
Provincial Archives of Turku
Turku Archdiocese Cathedral Chapter
Gummerus-collection, I:5
Antiphonarium Laurentius Jacobi

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Diocese of Turku

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Turku, Provincial Archives of Turku, Turku Archdiocese Cathedral Chapter, Gummerus-collection, I:5. Antiphonarium Laurentius Jacobi
Saec. XV 4/4 (1480s?)–XVI¼
,
diocese of Turku
Antiphonarium
Fols. ,
185r
–v, ,
proprium de sanctis
, from (parts of) the feast of St
Mary Magdalene
to the feast of St
Olav
(imperf.).
Recumbente ihesu in domo pharisei ... ... monumentum quatriduanum jam
[185r]
lazarum resuscitauit salute. Laudemus ...
[185v]
... illi unum extat certe. Maria optimam sibi partem ...
In festo sancti olaui regis ad uesperas super psalmos
. Sancte martir domini olaue ... fugabat excercitum. Ad sepulcrum|
Fol. 9 is blank.
Fols. , ,
proprium de sanctis
, from the feast of St
Lawrence
to the feast of St
Augustine
, and from the feast of All Saints to the feast of St
Clement of Rome
.
Beatus laurencius dum in craticula ... ... gaudete quia cum Christo regnat in eternum. Letare mater nostra iherusalem ... ... templi marmorei habitaculum a deo paratum. Magnificat.
Fols. , notation without text.
Fol. ,
proprium de tempore
,
feria II per annum
.
Exsurge domine adiuua nos ... in pace custodite.
Fol. –v, an antiphon from the Book of Kings (summer readings?), an antiphon for the approach to Easter(?), and two antiphons for St Cecilia.
Rex autem dauid ... fili mi absalon. Dum appropinquauit dominus ... ... docens in templo. Virgo gloriosa semper ... ad coronas vocabat.
Fols. , antiphons for the Holy Cross, and a paschal feast of the Virgin.
Veneremur crucis lignum ... ... agonem ad eternal gaudia. Amen. Stabat iuxta christi crucem ... ... o maria, uirgo plena gracia.
Fol. 44, a later addition: on the recto-side, notes for sermons(?); on the verso, the antiphon ‘Hec est regina uirginum ... intercede pro nobis omnibus’, for the Nativity of Mary – in fact the same antiphon as on the next folio (). In a different hand, ‘seculorum’, and, in a yet another hand: ‘Domine non sum dignus ... sanabitur anima mea’.
Fols. ,
proprium de sanctis
, from the feast of the Nativity of Mary to the feast of the conversion of St
Paul
.
Hec est regina uirginum ... ... in illo die iustus (lower margin:) iudex. Benedictus. Euouae.
Fols. ,
proprium de sanctis
,
commune apostolorum
.
Hystoria de apostolis
. [E]stote fortes in bello ... ... Gloria tibi resonet in cecula [sic]. Magnificat. Euouae.
Fols. ,
proprium de tempore
, Christmas Day.
[R]ex pacificus magnificatus est ... ... in ciuitate dauid. Cum innocentium.
Fol. 88r–v,
proprium de tempore
, second and third Sundays after Easter.
[H]ec autem scripta sunt ... in sanguine tuo. Alleluia. Alios oues habeo ... a uobis. Alleluia. Euouae’.
Fols. ,
proprium de tempore
, Palm Sunday.
Collegerunt pontifices et pharisei ... ... exierunt obuiam ei cum ramis.
Fols. ,
proprium de tempore
, from the first Sunday in Lent to Easter.
Dominica prima quadragesime inuocauit
. Ecce nunc tempus acceptabile ... ... erat quippe magnus ualde. Alleluia.
Fols. ,
proprium de tempore
, hymns for Holy Week?
Stabat virgo dolorosa mater christi ... ... nobis donat sine fine perfrui leticia, alleluia, alleluia.
Fols. ,
proprium de sanctis
, the feast of SS
Peter and Paul
.
In festo apostolorum petri et pauli super psalmos
. Filie iherusalem uenite et uidete ... ... laudibus aggregata, alleluia, alleluia, alleluia.
Fols. ,
proprium de tempore
, Ascension.
In festo ascensionis domini antiphona
. Ascendens christus in altum ... ... spiritum ueritatis, alleluia. Euouae.
Fols. ,
proprium de sanctis
, the feasts of St
Erik
, Corpus Christi, St
Eskil
,
dedicatio ecclesiae
, and St
Henry
’s
translatio
.
In festo sancti erici regis et martiris super psalmos antiphona
. Assunt erici regis ... ... diuine gratie mitis imperator.
Cor
[
pus Christi
] Sacerdos in eternum ... ... nobis pignus datur, alleluia. In festo sancti eskilli episcopi et martiris ad uesperas antiphona super magnificat. Eskille flos presulum pater ... ... consolator, Magnificat.
In festo dedicacionis ecclesie antiphona
. Sanctificauit dominus tabernaculum ... ... salus a deo facta est.
In festo sancti henrici
. Gaude cetus fidelium ... ... uirtuositas reddebat graciosam.
Fol. ,
proprium de tempore
, the fourth Sunday after the octave of Easter.
Dominica quarta post octauas sancte pasche
(a later subscription). Ille me clarificabit quia ... me amastis et creditis.
Fol. is blank.
Fols. ,
proprium de tempore
, from the fourth ferial day after Pentecost to the 20th Sunday after Trinity (with the second Sunday on fol. erroneously titled the first).
Feria quarta ystoria
. Aduenit ignis diuinus ... ... est pro mundi uita, alleluia, alleluia.
Ystoriam in festo sancte trinitiatis officium antiphanas
[sic]. O beata et benedicta ... ... uocate ad nupcias dicit dominus.
Fols. ,
proprium de sanctis
, the feasts of SS Peter and Paul (
bis
in this codex),
Mariae visitatio
and
commune uirginum
.
Quem dicunt homines esse ... ... in morte non sunt separate. Euouae. Sacerdos noue gracie ... ... uerusque sol detegitur. (an illegible rubric) sancta es uirgo sapiens ... effuso nomen tuum ideo adolescentule dilexerunt ... ... non extingwetur in sempiternum. Euouae.
Fols. originally empty. A
probatio pennae
and ownership markings have been added on fol. (see below).
Fols. ,
proprium de tempore
, Pentecost.
Veni sancte spiritus ... ... ut saluetur mundus.
Fols. ,
proprium de tempore
, from the 21st
to the 25th Sundays after Pentecost.
Dominica XXI post
. Accingimini filii potentes ...
Dominica uicesima secunda
... ... Dixit autem dominus seruo .... Muro tuo inexpugnabili ... Magister scimus quia ... Reddite ergo quae ... [C]onfide filia fides tua ... ...exaudi preces seruorum tuarum.
Fols. ,
proprium de tempore
, first Sunday in November, fourth Sunday after Epiphany(?), eighth and ninth Sundays after Pentecost.
Dominica prima nouembris sabbato precedente ad uesperas ad magnificat
. Vidi dominum sedentem super solium ... Ascendente ihesu in nauiculam ...
Dominica octaua post
[
pentecostem
]. Dixitque dauid ad dominum ... Attendite a falsis prophetis ...
octaua
.
Aspice domine quia facta est
... eam nisi tu deus.
Fols. are blank.
Fols. , additions (without notation): a litany for Christmas, and office for St
Katherine
(?). On the ownership mark added on fol. see below.
Primo tempore alleuiata est ... et in nouissimo ... in die madian; tunc impletum est omnes --- / Nunc festum celebramus laudes ... ... per graciam deo. Amen.
Fols. ,
proprium de tempore
, Christmas Day (imperf.).
Puer natus est nobis ... ... salutare dei noster.
Fol. –v, office for the Assumption.
Salue regina misericordiae ... ... uirtus pro semine.
Fol. 187–v,
proprium de sanctis
, antiphons for Marian feasts.
peccatoris miserere. Speciosa facta es ... ... per uiscera uirginis uisitans nos.
Paper
184 + 2 folios.
Modern foliation.
IV
8
+ 1 + (VI–1)
20
+ VI
32
+ (VI–1+1)
44
+ (VI + 1)
56
+ (VI–1)
67
+ V
77
+ 3 + IV
88
+ 4VI
136
+ (IV–2)
142
+ (VIII–1+1)
157
+ (VIII+1)
174
+ (V–1+1)
184
+ 2
As the binding has not been opened, the structural analysis remains tentative
Fol. 44 (measuring 12,5 × 10) is a later insertion; also an unnumbered small leaf ([46
bis
], 12,5 × 10) has been added between fols. 46 and 47. The quires have been reinforced with recycled parchment strips. Modern foliation in pencil in the upper right-hand corners of recto-sides. In rather poor condition, stained and worn, with the leaves torn and frayed along the edges. Fols. 78–80 and 180 are loose, and several more leaves seem to have been loose and have been reattached to the end of the book before the foliation was applied. Since most of the apparent irregularities of the quire structure do not seem to be reflected as textual discontinuities, the present arrangement may represent the manuscript’s original construction.
When Gummerus (1910, 101) examined the manuscript, fol. 185 (which he mistakenly referred to as 184[bis]) was still between fols. 184 and the present 185 (former 186). The original fol. 185 has since been pasted in after fol. 144 and numbered tentatively as 142a, while fol. 186 has been renumbered as 185; the numbering of fol. 187 has not been revised. The present fol. 185 belongs between fols. 2 and 3, and fol. 187
[186]
is clearly still misplaced.
I. Milveden (1972, 19 n. 66)
dates the manuscript to the (beginning of the)
1480s
on the basis of watermark evidence.
Layout varies; see above.
Several hands writing Gothic cursives of
saec. XV 4/4 – XVI 1/4
.
Decadent square notation on four black lines by several scribes.
Strongly varied. For the most part (fols. 1–8, 10–19, 21–40, 45–76r, 77r–v, 89r–v, 185), two (or three) grades of initials: lombards (painted in red or pen-drawn and coloured) for the beginnings of feasts or for the beginnings of chants, and two sizes of (at times rather rough) pen-drawn intials, touched with red (orange), for the beginnings of sentences or for the beginnings of individual feasts; rubrics at times touched with red, mostly (if at all) distinguished by underlining or the drawing of a box around them. Infrequently also clefs and the terminations of a chant have been touched in red (e.g. fols. , –v). Other decorative styles with similar uses of red can be found on fols. , (and possibly also) 186; and another on fols. . There is also occasional use of green (or possibly a blue that has turned green) on fols. , , , .
There are also large undecorated or uncoloured sections, of different styles, at fols. , (with the exceptions of fol. , ), –v, , , , ; a very distinct and for the most part uncoloured style is found on fols. , –v, with pen-drawn initials with fat bulbous growths.
Apparently original full-leather binding, dark brown leather on wooden boards with raised bands. The leather is badly worn, and is completely missing from the spine; the front cover is loose. The volume has been closed with three clasps, which are all now missing.
Pastedowns (the front pastedown is detached) are leaves from a Continental
breviary
of
saec. XIV
(front: 21 × 11,5; back: 20,5 × 13; the written area is 7,5 cm wide). The back pastedown has been partly covered by a paper label (9 × 16) on which is written a short text on naming in baptism.
An
antiphonary
copied at the
end of the fifteenth and/or beginning of the sixteenth century
by several scribes. The book was probably compiled and written over a long period of time, possibly without much premeditation or any overarching plan – that much seems to be clear, even allowing for the fact that the present arrangement of leaves is to some extent the result of some confusion.
In the late fifteenth or early sixteenth century the book (or parts of it) was owned by the otherwise unknown
Laurentius Jacobi
,
Henricus Jacobi
and
Jacobus Sigfridi
. Fol. : ‘homo alius ibi ... / probacio penne temptacio pulchre puelle / probate et temptate ualete et orate’. In the same(?) hand of later struck through: ‘Henricus iacobi possidens librum istum’. In another hand (now erased): ‘Laurencius iacobi possidet istum lybrum’.
Fol. : ‘Jacobus sigfridi bonus homo hoc est uerum absque ulla dubio’.
These persons do not appear to be known. While Laurentius and Henricus might be brothers,
Jacobus Sigfridi
was probably not their father, since his ownership mark on fol. appears to postdate those on fol. , which are both erased.
The book was found in the
early twentieth century
in the
archives of Turku Cathedral Chapter
; it might have arrived there
c
.
1826
, when the chapter requested that parishes in the diocese should send in their older materials for examination. These materials were in some cases returned to the parishes (this happened to the books from Tammela now in the library of Åbo Akademi), but at least some remained and survived the great fire that destroyed much of the city in 1827 (
Schalin 1946, 6 n. 2
, cites the circulars of the chapter, no. 237 of 5 November 1828, and no. 264 of 20 June 1833, which indicate that several manuscripts that had been sent to Turku as requested had not been collected and had become disordered in the fire, and were now kept in the archbishop’s household).
J. Gummerus, ‘Eräs kirjalöytö Turun tuomiokapitulin arkistosta’,
Suomen kirkkohistoriallisen seuran pöytäkirjat 10
(1910), 81–123, at 96–102.
I. Milveden, ‘Neue Funde zur Brynolphus-Kritik’,
Svensk tidskrift för musikforskning 54
(1972), 5–51, at 19 n. 66.
I. Taitto,
Documenta Gregoriana. Latinalaisen kirkkolaulun lähteitä Suomessa
, Helsinki 1992, 377–383.
Cataloguer
Jesse Keskiaho
Finnish Literature Society (SKS)
Codices Fennici
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